The effect of adherence to high-quality dietary pattern on COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rahmati, Masoud, Fatemi, Rouholah, Yon, Dong Keon, Lee, Seung Won, Koyanagi, Ai, Shin, Jae Il and Smith, Lee (2022) The effect of adherence to high-quality dietary pattern on COVID-19 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Virology. ISSN 1096-9071

	Text Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Available under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (198kB)
	Text Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 11 November 2023. Available under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (472kB)

Abstract

Objective Dietary quality and patterns may influence SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes, but scientific data and evidence to support such a role are lacking. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to elucidate the effect of pre-pandemic diet quality on the risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and EMBASE were systematically searched for articles published up to 1st September 2022. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to calculate each outcome's risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Five studies including 4,023,663 individuals (3,149,784 high-quality diet individuals and 873,881 controls) were included in the present meta-analysis. The effectiveness of high-quality dietary pattern against SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization was 28% (95% CI 19-36%) and 62% (95% CI 25-80%); respectively. Subgroup analysis based on different levels of diet quality showed no difference between middle and high levels of diet quality in reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection. Interestingly, subgroup analysis based on the different types of high-quality diets and the risk of COVID-19 infection revealed that the effectiveness of plant-based diet against SARS-CoV-2 infection was 50% (95% CI 30-65%); while the effectiveness of Mediterranean diet against SARS-CoV-2 infection was 22% (95% CI 12-31%). Conclusion Adherence to a high-quality dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. More studies are required to confirm these findings, and future studies should determine the biological mechanisms underlying the association between diet quality and risk of COVID-19 infection.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Keywords:	COVID-19, Diet quality, Outcomes, Meta-analysis
Faculty:	COVID-19 Research Collection Faculty of Science & Engineering
SWORD Depositor:	Symplectic User
Depositing User:	Symplectic User
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2022 16:21
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2022 16:57
URI:	https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/708017

Actions (login required)

Edit Item