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Insulin at 100 years – is rebalancing its action key to fighting obesity-related disease?

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journal contribution
posted on 2023-07-26, 15:36 authored by Gemma V. Brierley, Robert K. Semple
One hundred years ago, insulin was purified and administered to people with diabetes to lower blood glucose, suppress ketogenesis and save lives. A century later, insulin resistance (IR) lies at the heart of the obesity-related disease pandemic. Multiple observations attest that IR syndrome is an amalgamation of gain and loss of insulin action, suggesting that IR is a misnomer. This misapprehension is reinforced by shortcomings in common model systems and is particularly pronounced for the tissue growth disorders associated with IR. It is necessary to move away from conceptualisation of IR as a pure state of impaired insulin action and to appreciate that, in the long term, insulin can harm as well as cure. The mixed state of gain and loss of insulin action, and its relationship to perturbed insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action, should be interrogated more fully in models recapitulating human disease. Only then may the potential of rebalancing insulin action, rather than simply increasing global insulin signalling, finally be appreciated.

History

Refereed

  • Yes

Volume

14

Issue number

11

Page range

dmm049340

Publication title

Disease Models and Mechanisms

ISSN

1754-8411

Publisher

Company of Biologists

File version

  • Published version

Language

  • eng

Legacy posted date

2021-12-08

Legacy creation date

2021-12-08

Legacy Faculty/School/Department

Faculty of Science & Engineering

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