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An in vitro evaluation of epigallocatechin gallate (eGCG) as a biocompatible inhibitor of ricin toxin

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posted on 2023-07-26, 14:51 authored by Paul D. R. Dyer, Arun K. Kotha, Alex S. Gollings, Susan A. Shorter, Thomas R. Shepherd, Marie W. Pettit, Bruce D. Alexander, Giulia T. M. Getti, Samer El-Daher, Les Baillie, Simon C. W. Richardson
The catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (eGCG), found in green tea, has inhibitory activity against a number of protein toxins and was investigated in relation to its impact upon ricin toxin (RT) in vitro. The IC50 for RT was 0.08 ± 0.004 ng/mL whereas the IC50 for RT + 100 μM eGCG was 3.02 ± 0.572 ng/mL, indicating that eGCG mediated a significant (p < 0.0001) reduction in ricin toxicity. This experiment was repeated in the human macrophage cell line THP-1 and IC50 values were obtained for RT (0.54 ± 0.024 ng/mL) and RT + 100 μM eGCG (0.68 ± 0.235 ng/mL) again using 100 μM eGCG and was significant (p = 0.0013). The documented reduction in ricin toxicity mediated by eGCG was found to be eGCG concentration dependent, with 80 and 100 μg/mL (i.e. 178 and 223 μM respectively) of eGCG mediating a significant (p = 0.0472 and 0.0232) reduction in ricin toxicity at 20 and 4 ng/ml of RT in Vero and THP-1 cells (respectively). When viability was measured in THP-1 cells by propidium iodide exclusion (as opposed to the MTT assays used previously) 10 ng/mL and 5 ng/mL of RT was used. The addition of 1000 μM and 100 μM eGCG mediated a significant (p = 0.0015 and < 0.0001 respectively) reduction in ricin toxicity relative to an identical concentration of ricin with 1 μg eGCG. Further, eGCG (100 μM) was found to reduce the binding of RT B chain to lactose-conjugated Sepharose as well as significantly (p = 0.0039) reduce the uptake of RT B chain in Vero cells. This data suggests that eGCG may provide a starting point to refine biocompatible substances that can reduce the lethality of ricin.

History

Refereed

  • Yes

Volume

1860

Issue number

7

Page range

1541-1550

Publication title

BBA - General Subjects

ISSN

0304-4165

Publisher

Elsevier

File version

  • Published version

Language

  • eng

Legacy posted date

2020-01-15

Legacy creation date

2020-01-15

Legacy Faculty/School/Department

ARCHIVED Faculty of Science & Technology (until September 2018)

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