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Prevalence and Causes of Blindness and Vision Impairment: Magnitude, Temporal Trends, and Projections in South and Central Asia

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posted on 2023-08-30, 15:40 authored by Vinay Nangia, Jost B. Jonas, Ronnie George, Vijaya Lingam, Leon B. Ellwein, Maria V. Cicinelli, Aditi Das, Seth R. Flaxman, Jill Keeffe, John H. Kempen, Janet Leasher, Hans Limburg, Kovin Naidoo, Konrad Pesudovs, Serge Resnikoff, Alex Silvester, Nina Tahhan, Hugh R. Taylor, Tien Y. Wong, Rupert R. A. Bourne
Background: To assess prevalence and causes of vision loss in Central and South Asia. Methods: A systematic review of medical literature assessed the prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity<3/60 in the better eye), moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity <6/18 but ≥3/60) and mild vision impairment (MVI; presenting visual acuity <6/12 and ≥6/18) in Central and South Asia for 1990, 2010, 2015, and 2020. Results: In Central and South Asia combined, age-standardized prevalences of blindness, MSVI and MVI in 2015 were for men and women 2.80% (80%uncertainty interval (UI):1.14-4.91) and 3.47% (80%UI:1.45-5.99), 16.75% (80%UI:5.60-30.84) and 20.06% (80%UI:7.15-36.12), 11.49% (80%UI:3.43-21.44) and 12.77% (80%UI:4.04-23.48), respectively, with a significant decrease in the study period for both gender. In South Asia in 2015, 11.76 million individuals (32.65% of the global blindness figure) were blind and 61.19 million individuals (28.3% of the global total) had MSVI. From 1990 to 2015, cataract (accounting for 36.58% of all cases with blindness in 2015) was the most common reason for blindness, followed by undercorrected refractive error (36.43%), glaucoma (5.81%), age-related macular degeneration (2.44%), corneal diseases (2.43%), diabetic reti-nopathy (0.16%) and trachoma (0.04%). For MSVI in South Asia 2015, most common causes were undercor-rected refractive error (accounting for 66.39% of all cases with MSVI), followed by cataract (23.62%), age-related macular degeneration (1.31%) and glaucoma (1.09%). Conclusions: One third of the global blind resided in South Asia in 2015, although the age-standardized preva-lence of blindness and MSVI decreased significantly between 1990 and 2015.

History

Refereed

  • Yes

Volume

103

Issue number

7

Page range

871-877

Publication title

British Journal of Ophthalmology

ISSN

1468-2079

Publisher

BMJ

File version

  • Accepted version

Language

  • eng

Legacy posted date

2018-10-02

Legacy creation date

2018-10-02

Legacy Faculty/School/Department

Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine & Social Care

Note

A list of the members of the Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease study can be found by accessing this site: http://bit.ly/2u3RVzm

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