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Development and Validation of the Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale (BUMPs) and its Role in Antenatal Attachment

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posted on 2023-08-30, 16:16 authored by Elizabeth Kirk, Catherine Preston
Pregnancy is a unique period in a woman’s life during which her body undergoes rapid and dramatic change. Many of these changes are in direct conflict to social ideals of female body appearance, such as increases in body size and weight. Existing research that has examined body satisfaction in pregnancy is limited by the use of measures that are not designed for pregnancy, yielding biased results. Two studies have attempted to develop measures for pregnancy but have used sub-optimal sample sizes and/or have not fully validated the measure with independent samples. We seek to address these limitations inthe current study and report the development and validation of the newly developed Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy scale (BUMPs) in 613 pregnant women across two independent samples. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors; satisfaction with appearing pregnant, weight gain concerns,and physical burdens of pregnancy, which were confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis. Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) modelling indicated the scale is appropriate for women in all three trimesters of pregnancy. Evidence of internal reliability, test-retest reliability and convergent validity provide excellent psychometric support. We further demonstrated construct validity by supporting three hypotheses, finding that more positive body satisfaction in pregnancy was related to:(a) better relationship quality;(b) lower depression and anxiety;(c) higher levels of interoception, specifically body listening and body trusting. Additionally, we present evidence that BUMPs score was the strongest predictor of antenatal attachment when compared against depression, anxiety, gestational age and relationship satisfaction.

History

Refereed

  • Yes

Volume

31

Issue number

9

Page range

1092-1106

Publication title

Psychological Assessment

ISSN

1939-134X

Publisher

American Psychological Association

File version

  • Accepted version

Language

  • eng

Legacy posted date

2019-05-10

Legacy creation date

2019-05-09

Legacy Faculty/School/Department

Faculty of Science & Engineering

Note

©American Psychological Association, 2019. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission. The final article is available, upon publication, at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000736

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