Sedentary Behaviour and Mental Illness

This chapter discusses literature concerning sedentary behaviour and mental health (focusing on depression, anxiety, bipolar and schizophrenia) in young people and adults. Sedentary behaviour may be defined as any waking behaviour characterized by an energy expenditure ≤1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs), while in a sitting, reclining or lying posture. Data demonstrates the predominance of sedentary lifestyles in western society. Sedentary behaviour has been shown to be associated with physical and mental health, independent of physical activity. The literature suggests that sedentary behaviour is associated with poor mental health in young people. Moreover, the literature shows sedentary behaviour is a cause of concern for adults with depression, anxiety, bipolar and schizophrenia. However, the literature is predominantly observational. Randomised controlled trials in all areas of sedentary behaviour and mental health and across all age groups are needed to aid in the inference of causation. This chapter concludes with behavioural change techniques that clinicians can utilise to reduce sedentary behaviour in those with mental health conditions.